tugs

Type A no.10

          10.      A new ring road round the city is being build by them.
A                                               B              C            D


Type B no. 2

2.   The  sheepdog is chasing after  the sheeps which is  heading over   the hill.
                         A                B                                 C                   D

Type C no. 7
7.   If Rudy would have studied  German in college, he wouldn’t have found the
                        A                                        B
scientific terminology so difficult to understand.
                   C                                          D

speech

-  direct : “To defeat ISIS and leave Iran as a potential nuclear
power is to win the battle and lose    the war,” he said, using one of
the Islamic State group's acronyms.

-  Indirect  : He said that “To defeat ISIS and leave Iran as a
potential nuclear power is to win the battle and lose the war.

* Direct : "Hamas's immediate goal is to destroy Israel, but has a
wider goal the same as Islamic State," he said. “When it comes to its
ultimate goals, Hamas is ISIS and ISIS is Hamas.”

* Indirect : He said that Hamas's immediate goal is to destroy Israel,
but has a wider goal the same as Islamic State,

direct sentence

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu had promised a “razor sharp” speech at the UN General Assembly, and he didn’t disappoint.

Sweeping Hamas, the so-called Islamic State (IS) group, also known as ISIS or ISIL, and other Islamist militants into the same category, Netanyahu then went on to factor in Nazis, the Iranian government and even the United Nations, slamming the West as incompetent in the face of a growing Islamist threat and sightless in the face of Tehran’s nuclear designs.

“To defeat ISIS and leave Iran as a potential nuclear power is to win the battle and lose the war,” he said, using one of the Islamic State group's acronyms.

He also compared Israel’s deadly military campaign in Gaza this summer with US-led airstrikes against the Islamic State group in Iraq and Syria.

Israel was "doing everything to minimise civilian casualties. Hamas was doing everything to maximise civilian casualties,” he said, holding up an image of children playing near a rocket launcher in Gaza.

Some 2,100 Palestinians, most of them civilians, were killed in the bombardments and some 18,000 homes were destroyed, according to UN figures.

Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas described the 50-day conflict as “genocide” in his own address at the General Assembly on Friday, to which Netanyahu responded that Israel had acted fairly by warning Gazan residents of attacks. Hamas was guilty of “the real war crimes,” he said, grouping the Gazan rulers with the IS organisation.

"Hamas's immediate goal is to destroy Israel, but has a wider goal the same as Islamic State," he said. “When it comes to its ultimate goals, Hamas is ISIS and ISIS is Hamas.”

Source : http://www.france24.com/en/20140929-hamas-islamic-state-iran-poisonous-tree-netanyahu/

“To defeat ISIS and leave Iran as a potential nuclear power is to win the battle and lose the war,” he said, using one of the Islamic State group's acronyms.

"Hamas's immediate goal is to destroy Israel, but has a wider goal the same as Islamic State," he said. “When it comes to its ultimate goals, Hamas is ISIS and ISIS is Hamas.”

source ; http://www.france24.com/en/20140929-hamas-islamic-state-iran-poisonous-tree-netanyahu/

business communication 3

Business communication (or simply "communications", in a business context) encompasses such topics as marketing, brand management, customer relations, consumer behavior, advertising, public relations, corporate communication, community engagement, reputation management, interpersonal communication, employee engagement, and event management. It is closely related to the fields of professional communication and technical communication.

Business communication can also refer to internal communication. A communications director will typically manage internal communication and craft messages sent to employees. It is vital that internal communications are managed properly because a poorly crafted or managed message could foster distrust or hostility from employees.

Business Communication II

Business Communication II

President  Director       : Morning, today we held a meeting to talk about our latest product launch event is the Toyota Avalon.

Marketing Manager      : Of course we should hold a big launch party for our newest production of the famous car in the market, and so many are interested in buying.

Sales Manager              : The car we have equal privileges with luxury cars, that cost could be two times more expensive. Not only has a very powerful performance, but also very quiet cabin, as well as very easy and comfortable when driving. So that people will be interested in this car.

President  Director       : Our market share for this car is the middle and upper segments. Since the price that we offer starting from Rp. 450 000 000, -

Marketing Manager      : Better for consumers who buy this car at the time of launching, we give 20% discount. And we offer attractive merchandise.

Sales Manager              : Where we will be holding it launching? We need a large room and a strategic location.

President  Director       : I think we could have it at Jakarta International Expo (PRJ). The place was always crowded with people and we must utilize in the launch festivities PRJ our new car this time.

Marketing Manager      : when the exact date for launching such we hold?

Sales Manager              : I propose the end of June due to be launched as soon as we entered it.

President  Director       : My suggestion, what if the weekend the first week in July? so that all can be well prepared.

Marketing Manager      : I agree with President  Director. any event to be held to support the activities of our latest product launch?

Sales Manager              : I have an idea, why do not we invent entertainment events?

Marketing Manager      : Entertainment events such as what will we invent?

President  Director       : We'll bring in guest stars to enliven the event as well as icons for launching our latest cars.

Sales Manager              : Is there any input on who the artist who fits into this car icon? This must be a car icon that elegantly in accordance with this car.

Marketing Manager      : What if we hook Agnes to become an icon? He will also appear to enliven the event by donating his voice.

President  Director       : We must invite businessmen and journalists to this event for this car can be covered and published in the media.

Sales Manager              : Well, by the way how we are targeting sales of new cars in the first month?  With the launching of our big event, the public will be interested in our car and I'm targeting 100 units of cars in the first month

Marketing Manager      : My target of 150 units we can achieve.

President  Director       : I agree with Ismi, we are targeting 150 units of cars.

we must work hard to be the first month of sales in one day can exceed the target.

Well, I guess our meeting today was.

Marketing Manager      : Bye, good luck for our launching event.

http://janataelma.blogspot.com/2011/06/example-of-english-conversation-about_28.html

Business conversation II

Business conversation  II

Heri     :  Hey, Yanti! Long time no see! And now your bakery business has gone into a great    success. What an achievement!
Yanti    : Thank you, Heri. I’m still trying as best as I can to satisfy every customer.
Heri     : Wow. Can you tell me the story of your success, Yanti?
Yanti    : Well, before my business goes this big, I also experienced hard times. At the first time starting out my bakery, my factory where I made the bakery foods was in my own house’s kitchen. I did everything by myself. I made the dough, I baked the dough, I packed the bakery foods, I marketed and distributed my bakery foods to food stalls to be resold all by my self. I tried my best to satisfy people and make them love my bakery foods.
Heri     : And then… what happened next?
Yanti    : Over time, many people began to like my bakery foods. Seeing that opportunity, with adequate fund of bank loan and driven by strong will, I decided to build and open up my own bakery. It wasn’t still a large bakery. I stopped selling my bakery foods to the food stalls and began to sell them in my own small bakery.
Heri     : Did many people come to buy right after you opened the bakery?
Yanti    : It was like I needed to start over again. I had to introduce my new-open bakery to people once more. I made brochures and leaflets to get people know my bakery. And…. finally, people started to come over my bakery. My bakery customers then increased in number by the help of mouth-to-mouth promotions. That was how my marketing strategy worked.
Heri     : Wow, weren’t you overwhelmed to handle those customers all by yourself?
Yanti    : Of course, I had trouble to meet customer’s demands. Therefore, I decided to employ workers to work on my bakery. I started out employing 3 workers; 2 workers to work with me making the bakery foods back in the kitchen, and the rest became cashier and salesclerk that serve customers.
Heri     : Do you need more workers then?
Yanti    : Of course, my scale of production was getting massive over time. Therefore, I started to employ more workers, enlarge and trim up my bakery, enhance my business strategy until today.
Heri     : What do you consider as the most important thing in running your bakery business?
Yanti    : Definitely, costumer’s satisfaction. I wouldn’t have run my business smoothly if I belittled customer’s satisfaction. One satisfaction of a customer is enough to attract other customers to come.
Heri     : That’s great, Yanti. Thank you for sharing. I wish your story can be helpful for me someday.
Yanti    : You’re welcome, Heri.

Business sentences 2

Business sentences 2

1. It doesn't matter whether you enjoy your job or not as long as it's a well-paid job.
   
   
2. Anyone who has contact with a customer is a salesperson - and that includes the person who answers the phone!
   
   
3. Small companies can adapt more quickly to changes in the market place than big companies.
   
   
4. More time is wasted during meetings than during any other business activity.
   
   
5. It is impossible to have a successful career and a happy family life.
   You have to choose one or the other.
   
   
6. It is impossible for young people to find a (good) job today without help from someone.
   
   
7. A successful salesperson knows the strengths and weaknesses of competing products.
   
   
8. The internet is already an essential communication tool in today's world.
   It will be even further developed for business in the future.
   
   
9. Small companies cannot offer employees opportunities for promotion.
   
   
10. Qualifications are more important today than ever before. 

Bussiness english 2

Bussiness english 2

Word	Meaning
borrow	meminjam
cashier	kasir
cheque / check	cek
currency	Mata uang
deposit	setoran
donate	donasi
exchange rate	Nilai tukar
invest	investasi
loan	pinjaman
withdraw	menarik

komunikasi bisnis

Types of business communication

1. COMMUNICATION •Communication can be defined as the process by which people share ideas, experience, knowledge and feelings through the transmission of symbolic messages. •The means of communication are usually spoken or written words, pictures or symbols. • But we also give information through body language, gestures, and looks, facial expressions can show how we feel and what we think about an issue or another person

2. TYPES OF COMMUNICATION •Communication can be classified into following types- 1.FORMAL AND INFORMAL 2.ORAL AND WRITTEN 3.INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL 4.VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL

3. FORMAL COMMMUNICATION •When we consider style and purpose we can divide it into two sub groups, formal communication and informal communication. •Formal communication includes all forms of formal exchanges of information. •Business communication and corporate communication are some of the formal communication methods. •Formal communication is that which devices support from the organisation structure.

4. CONT.. •. It is associated with the particular positions of the communicator and the recipient in the structure. •Formal communications are mostly of the written type such as company manuals, handbooks magazines, bulletins annual reports and are designed to meet the specific need s of the organisation.

5. INFORMAL COMMUNICATION •Informal communication is the opposite of the above. • It is a form of casual conversation or exchange of communication. • This type of communication happens out side of the business or corporate community or between freely understanding parties. •There are no strong rules or guidelines; the only rule is that all the parties should be able to understand each other. This kind of communication does not require a certain topic. It is just normal conversation between known people

6. CONT.. •This kind of communication does not require a certain topic. •It is just normal conversation between known people. • Informal communication is based on the informal relationships that grow up in an organisation and is commonly referred to as "the grapevine". • It may be conveyed by a nod, a glance, a gesture, a smile, and even silence. •The two or more parties in concern should understand a common language or method of communication.

7. ORAL COMMUNICATION •Oral communication implies communication through mouth. • It includes individuals conversing with each other, be it direct conversation or telephonic conversation. • Speeches, presentations, discussions are all forms of oral communication. • Oral communication is generally recommended when the communication matter is of temporary kind or where a direct interaction is required.

8. Cont.. • Face to face communication (meetings, lectures, conferences, interviews, etc.) is significant so as to build a rapport and trust. •Oral communication is not only time saving, but it also saves upon money and efforts. •Oral communication is best in case of problem resolution. The conflicts, disputes and many issues/differences can be put to an end by talking them over.

9. WRITTEN COMMUNICATION •Written communication has great significance in today’s business world. •It is an innovative activity of the mind. Effective written communication is essential for preparing worthy promotional materials for business development. • Effective writing involves careful choice of words, their organization in correct order in sentences formation as well as cohesive composition of sentences

10. CONT… •Also, writing is more valid and reliable than speech. But while speech is spontaneous, writing causes delay and takes time as feedback is not immediate. •Written communication helps in laying down apparent principles, policies and rules for running of an organization. • Speech came before writing. But writing is more unique and formal than speech. •It is a permanent means of communication. Thus, it is useful where record maintenance is required

11. INTERNAL COMMUNICATION •Communication within an organization is known as internal communication,which is usually formal. •Internal communication helps in achieving an organisation’s goals by informing the members of the general and specific objectives of the organization either at the macro or at the micro level. •It is only through internal communication that this information is distributed to various departments and employees within the organization. •Letters,reports,instructions,seminars,etc.are methods of transmitting information.

12. EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION •To expand the boundries of business,a good relationship with other external organization is a must. •This requires a sound communication strategy. •All official ,technical or professional communication with people outside the organization is known as external communication. •This mode is equally important,as it helps in achieving an organization’s goals by coordinating with external agencies.

13. Cont.. •External commu. Refers to intraction with shareholders,regulators,vendors,service companies,customers,general public. •This mode is equally important,as it helps in achieving an organization’s goals by coordinating with external agencies.

14. VERBAL COMMUNICATION •. We can categorize verbal communication into two parts, oral communication and written communication. •Oral communication is when two or more parties communicate verbally with words. •The other type is written communication. Written communication can happen through normal mail, e-mail, or any other form of documented writing.

15. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION •Non-verbal communication is mostly body language. It is possible to understand what a person is trying to say or how he/she is feeling. • It is also possible to tell the mood of a person by bodily and facial expressions. •Facial expressions are very important as well. Facial expressions give out what the person is feeling.

16. Cont… • The face is the first thing we notice in a person and the facial muscles give out most of the human expressions. Pictures, sign boards and photographs are also a part of non-verbal communication.

17. TIPS FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION •Create an open communication enviornment. •Always keep the reciever in mind. •Avoide having too many transfer stations. •Do not communicate when you are emotionally distrubed. •Be aware of diversity in culture,language,etc. •Select the most suitable medium. •Analyse the feedback

source : http://www.slideshare.net/a1w2a3n4/types-of-business-communication

Percakapan

jono: we are all here, let's get started. First of all, I'd like you to please join me in welcoming Dodi, our Southwest Area Sales Vice President.

dodi: Thank you for having me, I'm looking forward to today's meeting.

jono: I'd also like to introduce Ulthfi who recently joined our team.

Ulthfi: Nice to meet you all. I hope we are can join together, May I Introduce my assistant, Hendri

Hendri : pleased to meet you, hopefully we can work together well

jono: Welcome Hendri. I'm afraid our national sales director, Anne, can't be with us today. She is in Kobe at the moment, developing our Far East sales force.

jono: Let's get started. We're here today to discuss ways of improving sales in rural Sephet areas. First, let's go over the report from the last meeting which was held on June 24th. Right, Tom, over to you.

Sandy: Thank you jon.Let me just summarize the main points of the last meeting. We began the meeting by approving the changes in our sales reporting system discussed on April 20th. After briefly revising the changes that will take place, we moved on to a brainstorming session concerning after sales customer support improvements. You'll find a copy of the main ideas developed and discussed in these sessions in the photocopies in front of you. The meeting was declared closed at 11.30.


jono: Thank you Sandy. So, if there is nothing else we need to discuss, let's move on to today's agenda. Have you all received a copy of today's agenda? If you don't mind, I'd like to skip item 1 and move on to item 2: Sales improvement in rural Sephet areas. Jack has kindly agreed to give us a report on this matter. Jack?

dodi: Before I begin the report, I'd like to get some ideas from you all. How do you feel about rural sales in your sales districts? I suggest we go round the table first to get all of your input.

Mamas Andin: In my opinion, we have been focusing too much on urban customers and their needs. The way I see things, we need to return to our rural base by developing an advertising campaign to focus on their particular needs.

Budiana: I'm afraid I can't agree with you. I think rural customers want to feel as important as our customers living in cities. I suggest we give our rural sales teams more help with advanced customer information reporting.

Hendra: Excuse me, I didn't catch that. Could you repeat that, please?

Budiana: I just stated that we need to give our rural sales teams better customer information reporting.

Mamas Andin: I don't quite follow you. What exactly do you mean?

Budiana: Well, we provide our city sales staff with database information on all of our larger clients. We should be providing the same sort of knowledge on our rural customers to our sales staff there.

dodi: Would you like to add anything, geri?

Geri: I must admit I never thought about rural sales that way before. I have to agree with budiana.

dodi: Well, let me begin with this presentation
As you can see, we are developing new methods to reach out to our rural customers to increase our benefit.

Mamas Andin: I suggest we break up into groups and discuss the ideas we've seen presented

jono: Unfortunately, we're running short of time. We'll have to leave it another time.

dodi: Before we close, let me just summarize the main points:
Rural customers need special help to feel more valued.
Our sales teams need more accurate information on our customers.
A survey will be completed to collect data on spending habits in these areas.

II

Jenkin : good morning, this is our second meeting to discuss our new product

James : what kind of product we are going to discuss?

Jenkin : could you please explain to Mr.james Rini

Rini : all right sir,we are going to sell our new product this product called as simple blender

Roni : simple blender?

Rini : ya,this simple is a new generation from the previous product we have

James : so this product would increase our sales precentage

Rini : I hope so,because this blender has double secure and it can hold by hand so our costumer will comfortly use it

Jenkin : when will we distribute our product to the market?

Rini : as soon as possible sir,so that we can be a pioner

James : so with a well plan we have to  get our employee ready to sell the products to the market

Jenkin : But we have to train them first ,

James : I will train them my self so we can save our income

Rini : that’s a good idea

Jenkin : so ,we continue tomorrow to discuss how to train the employees

James: all right sir

Rini : agree sir

Jenkin : see you tomorrow.

Business Sentences

1.       Lease

The lease price for this building is 1 million a year

2.         Material

     We need bricks as material to build the building

      3 .  Net Income

            Net Income for this years sales is one milyard

     4. Organizing

         The use of re – organizing  schedule is to develop our company’s program

    5. Property                                                                                   

         Property prices have shot up recently.

     6. Quantity

         They sell their company’s product in big quantity

      7. Risk

          Our company faces the high risk in promoting product

      8. Sale Discount

          Our store is in promotion so we have sale discount to all pruduct

     9. Total Cost

          Total cost for today’s income reaches two Rp.2.000.000.000

     10. Unit

            Pt.adi makmur have reached 1000 units in selling cars

         

            

Business words

L

Lease               =                      Sewa

M

Material          =                      Bahan baku

N

Net Income     =                      Laba bersih

O

Organizing      =                      Mengorganisir

P

Property          =                      Properti/milik

Q

Quantity          =                      Kuantitas

R

Risk                  =                      Resiko

S

Sale Discount  =                      Potongan Pejualan

T

Total Cost        =                      Total Biaya

U

Unit                 =                      Unit

contoh adj clause

One of the ways in whom(which) people can be classified is by labeling them extroverts and introverts. However, there are other methods, some of them are now considered to have little scientific value, that(which) people use to conveniently pigeonhole member of the human race.

For example, there is the division into mesomorphs, who(which) are muscular; endomorphs, who(which) tend to be fat; and ectomorphs, who are thin. The endomorph is stereotype as a relaxed and unobsessive personality, whereas the ectomorph is stereotype as a person whom(who) is nervous and serious and whom(who) rarely smiles.

 A further facile division is made by defining people as Type A and Type B. Type A describes people to which(who) everything is serious and who(whom) they are very ambitious and driving. Type A originally described people, usually middle-aged males, whom(who) often suffered heart attack. Type B, on the other hand, labels a rather passive, ambitionless person of that(whose) others frequently take advantage, and which(who) is probably not a candidate for a heart attack.

Some people categorize human beings by the astrological sign that(whom) they were born under it. For example, a person who born between April 22 and May 21 is called a Taurus and is suppose to possess certain characteristics such as congeniality and tack. A person that(who) born between June 22 and July 21 is a Cancer and is reputed to be stubborn but effective. There are twelve such categories, which(of which) encompass all the moths of the year. Many people base their lives and relationship on the predictions made by astrologers.

One recent theory to categories people is the theory of left-brained and right-brained people. Right-brained people, that(who) are intuitive and romantic, are the artist and creative people of the world according to this theory. Left-brained people, who(which) they are logical in their thinking, turn out to be mathematicians and scientists. According to this theory, people whose(whose) abilities are not developed enough in areas they would like can act to develop the side of the brain they want to improve it in other to better balance their personality.

All of these theories, which in themselves are too simplistic, are indeed unscientific. However, they have provided attractive and sometimes amusing solutions for people are looking for easy ways to understand the human race. Different theories of categorizing people, which(which ) is always a difficult thing to do, will continue to come and go.

lexical chunk

What are lexical chunks?

Lexical chunks are multi-word units of language. Some never change (like Good morning!) while others allow some substitution to convey different meaning (like Please pass the ___.) In The A- Z of ELT, Scott Thornbury suggests that lexical chunks or formulaic language might provide the ‘raw material’ for language acquisition. That is, “sequences that are first acquired as unanalyzed chunks (such as I don’t know) may be later analyzed into their component parts. They are then capable of generating original phrases, such as I don’t understand, You don’t know, I know …, etc” (pp.85-86).

Lexical chunk

 A lexical chunk is a group of words that are commonly found together. Lexical chunks include collocations but these usually just involve content words, not grammar.

Example

In this dialogue there are five possible chunks:

 - Did you stay long at the party?

 - No, I got out of there as soon as they ran out of food.

Lexical chunks are collections of words which occur together – and the collection operates more or less as a unit of meaning, e.g. ‘If I were you...’, ‘Mustn’t grumble,’ ‘D’you fancy...’, ‘out of the ordinary’) Fixed lexical phrases are those where you can’t change any of the words in them and still hope to use the phrase, (e.g. ‘sick as a parrott’ in British English), whereas in semi-fixed lexical phrases we can change some of the words and still use the phrase (e.g. ‘It’s amazing/extraordinary how...’See you later/this afternoon/tomorrow’) 

bahasa inggris campur 4

- masking pain :
   menyembunyikan penderitaan

- really-off-putting :
   menghawatirkan

- takes on :
   menagkap

- I'd like to get a listing :
   saya ingin mendaftar

- no bars :
   gak ada sinyal

- from mainstream :
   dari kebanyakan

- ever since :
    sejak saat itu

- crazy ass :
   menyebalkan

- bossy coach :
    suka mengatur

bahasa inggris campur 3

- pitchy :
   menarik

- out of hard:
   lepas kendali

- something is going down:
    sesuatu menanti

- slow burner :
   menahan amarah

- short temper :
    suka marah

-  multi task :
    secara bersamaan

-  pill-head :
    pecandu

- phony :
   palsu

- either way :
   apapun itu

- by all means :
   dengan senang hati

- even so :
   meskipun begitu

- in between home :
    sering berpndah rumah

- underneath the radar :
   tak mencolok

- while ago :
   belum lama ini

- till then :
   sampai saat itu tiba

bahasa inggris campur 2

- Alcohol Black out :
   pengaruh alkohol

- packing kind of hurry :
   berkemas teburu-buru

- desperate for attention :
    cari perhatian

- self consious :
   pemalu

- versatile :
   serba bisa

-  settles down :
    tenamg

- wishperer :
    pawang

- nitpicky :
   rewel

- breaking away :
   memisahkan diri

analisis puisi 2

And in fact, each individual well in fact, is not foreign to the scriptures that it believed the truth and legitimacy. It is described in the first –thirteenth stanza, second and ninth rows of three and the first line of the tenth stanza:

membaca lagi suratmu               (stanza three)

suratmu adalah tekateki             (stanza nine)

yang selesai ku terka                 (stanza nine)

suratmu telah kubaca                 (stanza ten)

     Filming on the journey of repentance that begins with the concerns we encounter in the third stanza lines two and three, and the fourth stanza lines one, two and three:

hatiku bergetar riuh                    (stanza three)      

dalam dekapan rindu                  (stanza three)

suratmu adalah pelukan resah    (stanza four)

dimana senyap merayap             (stanza four )

meluruh pada sajadah                (stanza four)

      End of regret can also take a look at the fourth line of stanza four and five, the fifth line stanza three, four, and five, and seven temple.

airmata yang tumpah                  (stanza four)

deras jatuh membuncah             (stanza four)

menyapu hati beku, jasad kaku   (stanza five)

-       etc.

Analysis the third layer or world layer reality

      Layers of meaning units raises the third layer, in the form of objects presented background, actors, and world authors. In the third tier, the poem "Letter" there are some things that are analyzed, e.g:

1 .Object

1.    Concrete Object (real) that is :

1. Surat
2. Lentera
3. Sajadah

Etc.

1.    Abstract Object (n on immaterial) that is:

a.    Cahaya / cahya

b.    Zaman

c.    Teka - teki

source : -          http://www.jendelasastra.com/wawasan/kritik/contoh-analis-puisi